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 Sparring
Sparring is indispensable for the student who wants to progress. During
sparring, he or she will test skills acquired, learn to recognize and, with
practice, anticipate the opponent tactics; sparring builds self-control,
self-confidence, and courage.
There are two types of sparring: step sparring and free sparring.
Step Sparring:
Step (or prearranged) sparring is planned by the players. They agree on the
rules, such as the number of steps to be taken, the target to be attacked, the
tool to be used, etc. There is no contact; the purpose is to develop control by
stopping just short of the target.
There are three levels of step sparring: 3-step for beginners, 2-step or
intermediate, and 1-step or advanced. The goal is to help the student understand
the purpose of the movements, to master interaction with the opponent regarding
stances and distances, to develop faster reflexes and instantaneous response in
self-defence.
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Free Sparring:
Free sparring is not pre-arranged. There is no prescribed number of steps or
movements. It is essentially open combat with controlled attacks using all
available means and methods. In order to prevent injury, protective equipment is
worn. The teaching of free sparing is in the program starting at the yellow belt
level.
According to the rules, the attacker must stop the attacking tool just
before reaching certain vital spots. Only blows that stop two centimetres from a
vital spot are counted. The evaluation of free sparring is based on accuracy,
speed, timing, distance, and quality of technique executed. Balance, blocking
and dodging skills, and attitude are also very important.
Because each of the participants is free to move and attack, free sparring
encourages the development of strategies for attack and defence, while improving
speed and timing. Since free sparring is practiced as a non-stop fight that may
consist of one, two or three rounds, being in top physical condition is very
important.
The ITF has distinct rules and a system for free sparring in tournaments. Both
hand and foot techniques are allowed, and good fighters use combinations and
flying techniques. These fights can be really spectacular.
Article in the .*pdf format
Sparring combinations that work
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